Invertebrates

Whitefly Welfare: Greenhouse Pests and the Ethics of Pest Control

Whiteflies are major agricultural pests in greenhouses worldwide. They are killed in billions by pesticides, yet their control raises questions about proportionality and the welfare of tiny lives.

Key Facts

Welfare Considerations

Whitefly control in intensive horticulture involves the routine killing of enormous numbers of small insects. Whether whiteflies experience suffering is uncertain, but the same considerations that apply to aphids apply here: scale matters under the precautionary principle. Chemical pesticide approaches kill non-target insects and may cause slower death than targeted biological control. Parasitoid wasp control, while effective, also raises welfare questions for the wasp larvae and their hosts.

What You Can Do