Dogs and cats are living longer than ever, creating a growing population of senior and geriatric companion animals with specific physical and emotional needs. Understanding ageing-related welfare issues helps owners provide better care.
Senior companion animals often suffer from pain and cognitive decline that goes unrecognised by owners who mistake signs of illness for normal ageing. A dog that stops climbing stairs, avoids play, or sleeps more may be experiencing significant arthritis pain rather than simply getting old. Cats that vocalise at night, become confused, or lose litter training may have cognitive dysfunction or hyperthyroidism. Recognising these as welfare issues rather than inevitable decline motivates owners to seek diagnosis and treatment that can substantially improve quality of life in the remaining years.