The white-tailed eagle, Britain largest bird of prey, was extinct by 1918 and has been reintroduced through concerted programs since the 1970s, with ongoing welfare challenges including lead poisoning and conflict with farming communities.
White-tailed eagle welfare is significantly compromised by lead poisoning from ingesting deer and other carcasses containing lead rifle bullets and shot. Post-mortem studies show lead poisoning in a substantial proportion of mortalities. Persecution on some estates continues despite full legal protection. Reintroduced birds face a steeper learning curve than wild-raised birds and show higher juvenile mortality. Compensation schemes for perceived livestock losses are essential for maintaining local tolerance that supports long-term welfare.