Camelids are used globally for transport, fibre, milk, and tourism. Each species has distinct welfare needs shaped by its evolutionary origins and physiological adaptations.
Camelid welfare is diverse because the three domesticated groups face very different conditions. Camels used as working animals in the Middle East and Africa are often overloaded, underfed, and given inadequate veterinary care — the same pattern seen with other draught animals in low-income settings. Alpacas and llamas in higher-income countries face different challenges: social isolation, incorrect diet leading to obesity or mineral deficiency, and stressful restraint during shearing. Camelids are sensitive animals with strong flight responses that require calm, low-stress handling. Their unique physiology means standard veterinary approaches for cattle or sheep may not apply, requiring camelid-specific training for vets and owners.