Feline immunodeficiency virus affects an estimated 2-4% of cats globally, and welfare-centred management allows FIV-positive cats to live comfortable lives for years with appropriate veterinary support and environmental care.
FIV diagnosis causes many cat owners to consider euthanasia, which is not warranted by the welfare evidence. Most FIV-positive cats live comfortably for years without clinical disease, and the virus itself does not cause suffering — it is secondary infections in the later immunosuppressed stage that require management. Welfare-centred care includes indoor access management to reduce infection risk, prompt veterinary attention for any illness, dental monitoring because oral disease is common, and the same enrichment and companionship that any cat needs. FIV status should inform management rather than determine prognosis.