Wild Insect Decline and Ecosystem Welfare Implications

Insect populations are declining dramatically in many regions. The welfare implications of this decline extend to the billions of insects affected and the vast web of animals that depend on them.

Key Facts

Insect abundance has declined by up to 75% over 30 years in some monitored European sites
Pollinator declines threaten food security for both humans and wildlife that depend on insect-pollinated plants
Pesticide exposure causes sublethal welfare harm including disorientation and reproductive failure in bees
Light pollution disrupts insect behaviour, navigation, and reproduction across many species
Habitat loss from agricultural intensification has removed wildflower meadows critical for insect populations
Whether insects can suffer remains debated, but precautionary approaches are increasingly advocated

Welfare Considerations

Insect decline raises both ecological and potential welfare concerns. The sublethal effects of pesticides on bees and other insects include demonstrable behavioural disruption that may constitute welfare harm if these animals have relevant experience. Beyond individual welfare, insect decline devastates the populations of insectivorous birds, bats, and fish that depend on them, causing cascading welfare impacts across ecosystems. Reducing pesticide use and restoring habitat are the most impactful responses.

What You Can Do

Create insect-friendly gardens with native wildflowers, water, and minimal pesticide use
Advocate for pesticide reduction targets in agricultural policy
Support rewilding projects that restore habitats for declining insect populations
Reduce artificial light pollution by using amber lighting and keeping lights off when possible
Donate to insect conservation and monitoring organisations