Mouth pain is a major but frequently overlooked source of suffering in ridden horses. Dental problems and poorly fitted bits cause significant discomfort that affects both welfare and performance.
Oral pain in horses manifests as head shaking, tongue over bit, mouth opening, resistance to contact, and behavioural problems under saddle. These signals are often met with stronger bits or more forceful riding rather than veterinary investigation. Annual dental checks by a qualified equine dental technician or vet are essential. Bit fitting should be performed by a knowledgeable professional considering the horse's anatomy and discipline. Bitless bridles are a welfare-friendly alternative for appropriate disciplines. The equestrian industry is slowly recognizing that performance problems are often pain problems.