Guinea pigs are widely used in research including immunology, nutrition, and infectious disease. Their welfare needs differ from rodents and require specific attention.
Guinea pigs in laboratories face welfare challenges from inappropriate housing, social isolation, dietary deficiencies, and stress from handling and procedures. Their prey nature means stress is often silent — animals may appear calm while experiencing significant physiological distress. Social housing in compatible pairs or groups dramatically reduces stress indicators. Environmental enrichment including hiding places, foraging opportunities, and varied substrates improves welfare outcomes. Refinement of procedures to minimize pain and distress requires species-specific knowledge that many laboratory staff lack.