Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture in Dogs

Cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) rupture is the most common orthopaedic injury in dogs, causing chronic pain and lameness if not surgically managed.

Key Facts

CCL rupture is analogous to ACL tears in humans and affects dogs of all ages and breeds
Large breeds such as Labrador Retrievers, Rottweilers, and Newfoundlands are most commonly affected
CCL disease is typically progressive, often starting with partial tears that worsen over time
Without treatment, secondary osteoarthritis develops in the affected stifle joint
Three main surgical techniques exist: TPLO, TTA, and lateral suture stabilisation
TPLO (tibial plateau levelling osteotomy) is currently the gold standard for large dogs
Dogs may take 4-6 months to return to full activity after surgery

Welfare Considerations

Dogs with untreated CCL rupture experience ongoing stifle pain, reduced mobility, and progressive joint deterioration. The condition is rarely traumatic; most tears result from degenerative ligament weakening, meaning the contralateral leg often ruptures within 1-2 years. Early surgical intervention significantly improves welfare outcomes and long-term joint health. Weight management and physiotherapy are critical components of recovery and prevention.

What You Can Do

Seek veterinary assessment promptly if your dog shows sudden hind-leg lameness
Discuss surgical options with your vet, including referral to a veterinary orthopaedic specialist
Follow post-operative physiotherapy and restricted exercise protocols carefully
Maintain healthy body weight in your dog to reduce joint loading
Consider joint supplements and appropriate exercise to support musculoskeletal health