Foie gras production involves force feeding ducks and geese to enlarge their livers, causing significant suffering through a process banned in many countries.
Force feeding causes esophageal trauma, difficulty breathing from liver pressing on the diaphragm, and inability to move normally due to painful liver enlargement. Birds are typically confined in small cages or crowded pens with no ability to express normal behaviors. The suffering involved in foie gras production is sufficiently severe that bans have been implemented in countries across Europe, North America, and Asia.