Spectacled bears are the only bear species native to South America and the only surviving member of the short-faced bear subfamily, with distinct welfare needs reflecting their frugivorous diet and Andean forest ecology.
Spectacled bear welfare in zoos requires both physical infrastructure including robust climbing structures that allow tree-platform resting, and dietary management that replicates the largely frugivorous diet of wild individuals. The cognitive complexity of this species, adapted for spatial navigation over large fruiting forest ranges, requires continuous novel enrichment to prevent the boredom-related stereotypies seen in understimulated bears. Social management requires careful individual assessment, as spectacled bears are largely solitary and forced cohabitation causes stress and aggression. Their shy temperament makes exhibit design with adequate retreat options and visitor barrier distances important for minimizing chronic visitor-related disturbance. Conservation breeding programs for spectacled bears maintain genetic diversity while the primary conservation challenge of Andean deforestation is addressed through in-situ programs.