Providing pigs with objects to investigate, manipulate, and play with is one of the most evidence-based and cost-effective ways to reduce suffering in intensive pig production, yet remains poorly implemented in many farming systems worldwide.
Object enrichment addresses a fundamental behavioral need in pigs — exploration and manipulation of their environment. Without it, pigs in barren environments develop stereotypies, redirect exploratory behavior onto pen-mates (causing tail biting and ear chewing), and show signs of chronic frustration and boredom. These are not minor inconveniences; tail biting in particular causes painful injuries and can escalate to cannibalism in severe cases. The evidence base for enrichment is strong, and the cost is often low relative to its welfare benefits. The primary barrier is not knowledge or cost but industry culture and the lack of effective enforcement of existing welfare regulations.