Broiler chickens have complex behavioural needs that are largely unmet in intensive systems. Simple, low-cost enrichments — perches, pecking substrates, and light variation — promote positive welfare states measurable through validated behavioural indicators.
Positive welfare in broilers is not merely the absence of disease or injury — it requires the expression of species-typical behaviours including exploration, foraging, dust bathing, and social interaction. Enriched environments produce birds with lower corticosterone levels, better gait scores, and greater use of available space. Welfare-centred producers adopt slower-growing breeds, reduce stocking density below 30 kg per square metre, provide elevated structures and pecking materials, and use natural light cycles. Higher welfare systems consistently show economic viability through reduced mortality and improved feed conversion.