Retained fetal membranes affect a significant proportion of dairy cows and can lead to metritis, reduced fertility, and prolonged discomfort if not properly managed.
Cows with retained placenta experience discomfort from the physical presence of decomposing membranes, and significant pain and systemic illness if metritis develops. The transition period — the weeks around calving — is already the most physiologically stressful phase of the lactation cycle, and complications such as retained placenta compound this stress. Welfare-focused transition cow management emphasises prevention through nutrition (selenium, vitamin E, adequate energy), appropriate calving environments, and prompt identification of at-risk cows. Early detection of fever using automated temperature monitoring systems allows timely treatment before severe metritis develops. Reducing induced calving rates and improving dystocia assistance also lower incidence of retained membranes.