Osteochondrosis dissecans (OCD) is a developmental joint condition affecting cartilage in large and giant breed dogs, causing pain and lameness that can significantly impair quality of life if untreated.
OCD causes significant and often underappreciated pain in growing dogs during what should be an active, formative period of development. The affected joint — most often the shoulder — becomes painful during normal activity such as play and exercise, limiting the dog's ability to engage in behaviours essential to normal development and wellbeing. Owners and breeders sometimes dismiss early lameness as "growing pains," delaying diagnosis and allowing secondary joint damage to progress. Untreated OCD lesions cause ongoing inflammation, progressive cartilage damage, and early-onset osteoarthritis. Responsible puppy rearing — controlled growth rates, appropriate diet for large-breed puppies, and avoiding high-impact exercise during bone development — substantially reduces OCD risk. Early surgical intervention when indicated gives the best long-term prognosis and quality of life.