The end-of-life period for companion dogs raises profound welfare questions about pain management, quality of life assessment, and the ethics of euthanasia. Getting these decisions right matters deeply.
End-of-life care for dogs sits at the intersection of medical expertise, emotional support for owners, and ethical decision-making. The welfare priority is clear: preventing or minimising suffering in an animal who cannot consent to or communicate their wishes. Euthanasia, when used appropriately, is an act of compassion rather than failure. The welfare risk is delaying euthanasia out of owner grief or hope, causing the dog to endure preventable suffering. Palliative care that manages pain and maintains dignity can extend quality life. Veterinarians play a critical role in guiding owners through these decisions with evidence-based quality of life frameworks and compassionate communication.