The nutritional quality and composition of feed given to farmed salmon has significant welfare implications, with deficiencies causing disease, skeletal deformity, and compromised immune function.
Salmon feed composition directly determines fish welfare through its impact on gastrointestinal health, skeletal development, immune function, and sensory organ integrity. High plant-based ingredient inclusion causes intestinal inflammation that impairs nutrient absorption and creates chronic gut welfare problems. Cataract prevalence — reaching 50%+ in some populations — is largely preventable through adequate histidine and other amino acid provision, but cost pressure drives formulations toward minimum viable nutrient profiles. The industry-wide shift away from wild fish ingredients in salmon feed creates sustainability benefits but requires careful nutritional reformulation to maintain welfare outcomes. Consumer demand for certified products with documented feed quality standards incentivizes investment in better nutrition.