Research into pig enrichment has identified which materials and designs most effectively meet behavioural needs. Applying this evidence transforms enrichment from a regulatory checkbox into a genuine welfare tool.
Pig enrichment science has moved far beyond early regulatory minimums that allowed hanging chains to count as enrichment provision. Evidence now clearly shows that pigs require manipulable, preferably edible or destructible substrates that can be investigated, rooted in, and consumed. Straw provision — even in small quantities — dramatically reduces aggressive behaviour and tail biting compared to inert enrichment objects. The challenge for intensive systems is integrating effective substrate enrichment with slurry-based waste management that conflicts with straw use. Innovative solutions including enrichment dispensers, compressed straw blocks, and peat-filled troughs enable substrate enrichment in systems not designed for loose bedding.