Canine cognitive dysfunction syndrome is the equivalent of dementia in dogs, causing progressive cognitive decline. Early recognition and management can slow progression and maintain quality of life.
Cognitive dysfunction syndrome causes suffering through the confusion, anxiety, and disorientation of progressive cognitive decline. Dogs with CDS experience the distress of not recognizing familiar environments, becoming trapped in corners or behind furniture, and losing the ability to navigate relationships with their owners and household. Nighttime restlessness and vocalization disrupts both the dog's sleep and the household, sometimes leading to premature euthanasia decisions. The welfare challenge is that CDS is frequently misattributed to normal ageing or behavioural problems rather than recognized as a medical condition deserving treatment and management. Quality end-of-life decision-making for dogs with CDS requires honest assessment of cognitive distress and physical comfort.