Turkeys are farmed in large numbers for both holiday and year-round consumption. Selective breeding for rapid growth has created welfare problems that mirror those seen in broiler chickens.
Modern commercial turkeys suffer from many of the same welfare problems as fast-growing broiler chickens: leg weakness causing chronic pain, cardiovascular disease, and breathing difficulties. The inability to mate naturally is unique to turkeys in commercial production — it reflects the extent to which selective breeding has prioritised meat yield over fundamental biological function. Heritage breeds, while more expensive, retain natural behaviour and have significantly better welfare. Consumer education about these issues and demand for higher-welfare turkey products — particularly at peak consumption periods — is the most direct lever for change.