Tail docking of piglets is routinely performed to prevent tail biting, but it causes pain and masks a management problem. Alternatives that address root causes offer better welfare outcomes.
Tail docking causes acute pain and creates a sensitized stump that may cause chronic discomfort. It is a welfare compromise that treats a symptom while leaving the root cause — poor housing and enrichment — unaddressed. The EU framework requires producers to demonstrate tail biting risk management before docking is performed, but enforcement is inconsistent. High-welfare systems that provide adequate space, enrichment, and good nutrition successfully raise pigs with intact tails without unacceptable tail biting rates.