Ducks have strong behavioral motivations for water bathing and foraging that are systematically denied in most commercial duck farming systems.
Duck welfare in commercial farming is systematically compromised by housing systems designed around chicken production models that ignore ducks' distinct biology. Ducks that cannot bathe develop eye discharge, dirty plumage, and behavioral distress — their motivation to bathe is as strong as their need to eat. Research clearly shows that ducks strongly prefer water access for bathing and will work hard for the opportunity. Providing bathing water increases duck welfare significantly and can be accommodated in commercial production with appropriate water management systems. Beak trimming, while reducing pecking injuries, causes acute pain and long-term sensory impairment. Foie gras production creates hepatic lipidosis through force-feeding — a process that is banned in many countries.