Reptiles and amphibians in zoological settings have specific welfare requirements related to thermoregulation, UV exposure, humidity, and social needs that require species-specific expertise.
Reptiles and amphibians are among the most under-resourced groups in zoo welfare science — they have historically received far less attention than charismatic mammals and birds. Yet their welfare requirements are genuine and specific: inadequate thermal gradients cause chronic physiological stress; incorrect UV provision causes skeletal disease; inappropriate substrate prevents natural burrowing behavior. The behavioral complexity of many reptile species is also underappreciated — monitor lizards engage in complex problem-solving, crocodilians communicate through elaborate displays, and many species show individual preferences that indicate genuine individuality. Improving zoo reptile and amphibian welfare requires investment in species-specific expertise, appropriately designed exhibits, and behavioral monitoring.