Colic is the leading cause of death in horses and a major welfare concern. Understanding risk factors and prevention strategies saves lives and reduces suffering.
Colic pain ranges from mild discomfort to extreme agony. Horses experiencing severe colic may roll violently, sweat profusely, refuse food, and show signs of shock. The welfare cost of preventable colic is enormous given how frequently it occurs in managed horses. Many management practices that increase colic risk — including stall confinement, high concentrate diets, and limited turnout — are common in equestrian contexts. Welfare-centered equine management aligns closely with evidence-based colic prevention.