Colic is the leading cause of premature death in horses and causes significant suffering. Understanding prevention strategies and appropriate response is critical for horse welfare.
Colic causes significant pain — horses with severe colic attempt to roll and thrash in response to abdominal cramping. Early recognition and prompt veterinary intervention are the most important determinants of welfare outcome. Owners who recognize early colic signs and call a vet quickly give horses the best chance of recovery. Prevention through consistent management — gradual diet changes, continuous hay access, regular dental care, adequate water, and consistent exercise — significantly reduces colic risk. For horses prone to colic, management planning with a veterinarian and equine nutritionist is advisable. Sand colic, common in certain geographic areas, can be prevented with sand-free feeding and periodic psyllium supplementation.