Keel bone fractures are the most significant and widespread welfare problem in laying hen production, affecting the majority of hens in all housing systems. Understanding causes and solutions is vital for progress.
Keel bone fractures represent a massive hidden welfare crisis in egg production. Unlike visible conditions such as feather pecking or foot problems, keel fractures are internal and easily missed by farm inspections. Research confirms they cause chronic pain that changes hen behavior — affected hens access perches less, compete less for resources, and show gait changes. Addressing this requires a multi-pronged approach: selective breeding for stronger skeletal structure, improved calcium nutrition, perch design modifications that reduce impact forces, and enriched housing that develops bone strength through exercise from an early age. Consumer pressure for eggs from hens with demonstrably lower fracture rates would accelerate industry action.