Litter quality in broiler houses profoundly affects foot health, respiratory welfare, and overall quality of life for the billions of chickens raised for meat globally.
Litter quality is a critical but underappreciated welfare determinant in broiler production. Wet, ammonia-laden litter causes chemical burns to footpads, hocks, and breast skin that are painful and frequently infected. Birds on poor litter spend less time standing and more time sitting in contact with the substrate, creating a welfare feedback loop. The economic and welfare incentives align well here: footpad lesions reduce carcass value and incur veterinary costs, while good litter management improves both welfare and productivity. EU-mandated footpad dermatitis monitoring at slaughter creates accountability — flocks with poor scores trigger farm audits. Stocking density reduction, improved ventilation, and drinker management are the primary interventions for improving litter quality.