Chytrid fungal disease has driven over 90 amphibian species to extinction. Zoo-based conservation ark programs maintain captive populations while field teams work on disease management.
Zoo amphibian welfare in conservation ark programs requires highly specialized husbandry for extremely diverse species ranging from mountain-adapted frogs to tropical salamanders. Temperature, humidity, and photoperiod management appropriate for each specific species is critical. Breeding programs require triggering of hibernation cycles, appropriate calling structures, and post-metamorphic management of larvae. Disease management within collections requires strict biosecurity to prevent Bd introduction. Individual amphibian welfare is less behaviorally rich than mammal or bird welfare but includes provision of appropriate thermal gradients, prey presentation in ways allowing natural capture behavior, and shelter for normally secretive species. The conservation value of amphibian arks — preventing permanent extinction — is extremely high.