Cancer is the leading cause of death in dogs over 10 years old. Early detection and individualized treatment can extend comfortable life, but quality of life must remain central.
Dogs with cancer are often stoic about pain, meaning owners and veterinarians must actively assess and treat pain rather than waiting for obvious distress signals. Quality of life assessment throughout treatment should focus on the dog's daily experience — appetite, mobility, social engagement, and comfort — rather than tumor response alone. Treatment decisions including whether to pursue chemotherapy, surgery, or palliative care should be individualized based on the specific cancer, the dog's overall health, and realistic assessment of outcomes. The goal of canine cancer treatment is always to add good days rather than simply more days. Palliative care optimizing comfort without curative intent is a valid and compassionate choice.