New Zealand kiwi face extinction from introduced predators. Intensive management programs are the only thing preventing several species from disappearing within decades.
Kiwi killed by predators experience acute trauma from stoat or ferret attacks that are often fatal within minutes but cause significant distress. Chicks are most vulnerable, with unprotected areas seeing over 90% chick mortality before they reach a weight sufficient to survive attack. Adult kiwi that survive attacks may carry injuries including lost limbs or skin lacerations requiring veterinary intervention. The intensive management required — including egg rescue, incubation, rearing, and predator control operations — carries its own welfare costs including handling stress. The alternative — extinction — makes these interventions clearly justified from both conservation and long-term welfare perspectives.