Farmed Waterfowl: Ducks and Geese in Agricultural Systems

Welfare challenges faced by ducks and geese in commercial farming, including access to water and space requirements.

Key Facts

Ducks and geese are highly motivated to access water for bathing and preening — a fundamental behavioral need
Most commercial duck farming systems deny access to open water, causing significant welfare problems
Foie gras production involving force-feeding causes severe suffering and is banned in many countries
Waterfowl have complex social structures that require adequate space for expression
Scientific evidence shows that ducks show measurable distress and reduced welfare without water access

Welfare Considerations

Farmed waterfowl face welfare challenges rooted in the conflict between their strong biological needs and commercial efficiency pressures. Ducks in particular are highly motivated to bathe and preen in water — behaviors critical to feather maintenance, eye health, and psychological wellbeing. Systems that deny these behaviors cause chronic frustration. Foie gras production remains one of the most egregious welfare practices in animal agriculture, inflicting liver disease through force-feeding. Welfare improvements for waterfowl require both legislative change and consumer pressure on industry practices.

What You Can Do

Avoid foie gras and products from farms that deny water access to ducks and geese
Support campaigns for mandatory open-water access standards in waterfowl farming
Choose duck and goose products only from farms with verified higher-welfare systems
Advocate for stronger waterfowl welfare protections in agricultural legislation