How farrowing suite design can protect both sow and piglet welfare while maintaining productivity in commercial pig production.
The farrowing crate debate encapsulates the tension in farm animal welfare between preventing one type of harm (piglet crushing) and causing another (restriction of sow movement and behavioral expression). Progress requires designing systems that adequately address both concerns rather than accepting either extreme. Evidence from Scandinavian and Swiss farming demonstrates that this is achievable with appropriate exhibit design, experienced stockpeople and sows selected for suitable temperament. The welfare case for transitioning away from farrowing crates is strong but requires honest acknowledgment that implementation requires investment, training and potentially some increase in piglet mortality during transition, and that these costs should be factored into realistic welfare improvement timelines.