Zoos and Captivity

Marine Mammal Captivity Phase-Out Pathways

The welfare case against cetacean captivity is now widely accepted. Planning pathways to phase out captive cetacean populations while ensuring individual welfare during transition is complex.

Key Facts

Several major marine parks have announced phase-outs of cetacean breeding programs following public pressure
Sea pens provide more naturalistic environments than pool tanks while maintaining veterinary access
Some long-term captive cetaceans may not be candidates for sea pen retirement due to habituation to humans
The transition from entertainment to education models changes economic incentives for marine park operators

Welfare Considerations

Phase-out planning for captive cetaceans must balance the welfare improvements of sea pen environments against the risks to individuals who have spent their lives in pools. Gradual transition, careful assessment of individual welfare needs, and investment in sea pen infrastructure are all required. The welfare case for transition is strong for most individuals, but it must be managed carefully to avoid introducing new welfare costs during the process.

What You Can Do

Support marine parks transitioning from entertainment models to sanctuary and education operations
Avoid attending facilities that continue to breed cetaceans for entertainment purposes
Donate to sea pen sanctuary development projects providing more naturalistic retirement for captive cetaceans
Advocate for legislation ending new cetacean captures and requiring phase-out of captive breeding programs