Tilapia is one of the world's most farmed fish species. Improving welfare in tilapia aquaculture addresses stocking density, water quality, and handling practices.
Tilapia welfare in intensive aquaculture is frequently overlooked due to assumptions about fish sentience, but the evidence base for fish capacity to suffer continues to grow. Chronic overcrowding, poor water quality, and rough handling cause sustained stress responses that affect both welfare and production outcomes. Research demonstrates that improved stocking densities, water quality management, and humane slaughter protocols benefit both fish welfare and profitability through reduced mortality and better growth performance, creating a positive business case for welfare improvement.