Farm Animals

Keel Bone Fractures in Laying Hens

Keel bone fractures affect the majority of laying hens in commercial systems and represent a previously overlooked source of chronic pain affecting billions of animals.

Key Facts

Studies find 50-80% of hens in commercial systems have keel bone fractures by end of lay
Keel fractures cause chronic pain evidenced by altered posture, gait changes, and analgesic preference tests
Aviary systems reduce keel fracture rates compared to battery cages but do not eliminate the problem
Genetic selection for bone density offers a long-term solution but requires years of selective breeding

Welfare Considerations

Keel bone fractures were identified as a major welfare issue only in the 2000s and remain poorly recognized by the public and much of the industry. The chronic pain caused by these fractures affects the majority of commercial laying hens. Identifying and addressing this widespread hidden suffering should be a priority for egg producers, welfare certifiers, and researchers.

What You Can Do

Support egg certification schemes that include keel bone fracture monitoring requirements
Advocate for breeding programs prioritizing bone density in laying hens
Urge research funding agencies to prioritize keel bone fracture prevention
Choose free-range or pasture systems where hens have stronger bones through exercise
Support welfare organizations working to raise awareness of keel bone fracture as a priority issue