How farrowing system design is evolving to improve welfare for both sows and piglets during the critical birthing and nursing period.
Farrowing system welfare represents one of the most contested areas of pig production. Conventional farrowing crates prevent sow natural behaviors including nest building and turning around for extended periods — behaviors for which sows have strong motivation. Free farrowing systems that allow full movement improve sow welfare, and modern designs with heated piglet zones and crush-protection features achieve competitive piglet survival rates. The transition to improved farrowing systems is accelerating driven by legislation and retailer commitments.