Outdoor enclosures for cats provide safe access to fresh air and stimulation. They represent a welfare compromise that reduces predation and road risk while meeting cats' needs.
Cats have strong motivations to explore, hunt, and experience varied environments. Keeping cats permanently indoors without enrichment can lead to boredom, obesity, and frustration. However, free outdoor access in many environments carries serious risks. Outdoor enclosures represent an evidence-based welfare solution that satisfies behavioral needs while managing risk. The quality of the enclosure — its complexity, size, and variety — determines how well it meets individual cat needs.