Cat Feline Leukaemia Virus Management

Feline leukaemia virus causes immunosuppression and cancer in cats. Prevention through vaccination and testing is far preferable to managing established infection.

Key Facts

FeLV is transmitted primarily through saliva in mutual grooming, shared food bowls, and bite wounds
Approximately 2-3% of cats in Europe are estimated to be persistently FeLV-infected
Kittens are far more susceptible than adult cats, who often clear transient infection
FeLV causes lymphoma, leukaemia, anaemia, and immune failure
Effective vaccines are available and recommended for outdoor cats and those in multi-cat households

Welfare Considerations

Cats with persistent FeLV infection have significantly shortened lifespans and experience immunosuppression that makes them vulnerable to secondary infections. Quality-of-life management for FeLV-positive cats involves preventing concurrent infections, supporting immune health, and monitoring for FeLV-associated cancers. FeLV-positive cats should be kept indoors to prevent transmission and protected from stress that compromises immunity. Palliative care for advanced disease maintains comfort.

What You Can Do

Vaccinate outdoor cats and multi-cat household cats against FeLV
Test new cats for FeLV before introducing them to existing cats
Keep FeLV-positive cats indoors to prevent transmission to other cats
Seek regular veterinary monitoring for FeLV-positive cats to detect complications early
Provide good nutrition and stress-free environments to support immune function in infected cats