Dog Addison's Disease Long-term Care

Addison's disease (hypoadrenocorticism) in dogs requires lifelong hormone replacement but is fully manageable, allowing excellent quality of life.

Key Facts

Addison's disease is caused by destruction of the adrenal cortex, leading to deficiency of cortisol and aldosterone.
It affects approximately 0.06% of dogs; Standard Poodles, Portuguese Water Dogs, and Great Danes are predisposed.
The classic presentation is "waxing and waning" illness with vomiting, lethargy, and hypoglycaemia.
Addisonian crisis — acute collapse — requires emergency IV fluid and hormone replacement.
Long-term management uses monthly desoxycorticosterone (DOCP) injections and daily prednisolone.

Welfare Considerations

Dogs with Addison's disease experience episodes of profound weakness, vomiting, and dehydration that cause significant welfare compromise before diagnosis. The condition is often called the "great pretender" because it mimics many other diseases, causing diagnostic delays. Once diagnosed and stabilised, the welfare outlook transforms dramatically — most dogs on appropriate replacement therapy lead normal, active lives with good quality of life. Owners must be educated about Addisonian crises and have emergency dexamethasone available for situations where oral medication cannot be given. The psychological welfare of managing a serious chronic disease in a pet requires owner support too.

What You Can Do

Keep emergency dexamethasone injection available if your dog has Addison's disease.
Ensure all family members know the signs of Addisonian crisis and the emergency action plan.
Maintain consistent monthly DOCP injection schedules to prevent electrolyte imbalances.
Carry a medical alert card for your dog when travelling in case emergency care is needed.