Cushing's disease (hyperadrenocorticism) is a common endocrine disorder in middle-aged and older dogs causing widespread systemic effects and significant welfare compromise.
Cushing's disease causes a broad range of welfare impacts that owners frequently normalise as ageing: excessive thirst, constant hunger, panting, and lethargy are all welfare-relevant signs requiring treatment. Untreated Cushing's causes progressive organ damage including hypertension-related kidney and cardiac effects, increased susceptibility to urinary tract infections, and skin changes causing discomfort. Treatment monitoring is critical — both mitotane and trilostane can cause Addisonian crises (cortisol deficiency) if over-treating, creating acute welfare emergencies. Regular ACTH stimulation testing and clinical monitoring enable dose adjustment. Quality of life typically improves significantly with successful treatment — dogs become more active, drink less, and show improved coat condition.