Horse Chronic Progressive Lymphoedema in Draft Breeds

Chronic progressive lymphoedema (CPL) is a debilitating condition of the lower limbs in heavy horse breeds, causing severe swelling, skin changes, and lameness with no cure.

Key Facts

CPL affects Belgian, Clydesdale, and Shire horses, among other heavy breeds, typically from middle age
The condition involves progressive failure of lymphatic vessels in the lower limbs, causing irreversible tissue changes
Affected limbs develop massive swelling with skin thickening, lichenification, and nodule formation
Secondary skin infections including mange (Chorioptes equi mites) and bacteria are common in affected limbs
There is no curative treatment; management focuses on reducing progression through bandaging and regular leg washing

Welfare Considerations

CPL causes chronic pain from massively swollen limbs that restrict movement and are prone to painful infections. The progressive nature means welfare declines over years as the condition worsens despite management. Heavy feathering that is characteristic of the breeds most affected can conceal early lesions and secondary infections until they are advanced. Regular inspection beneath feathering, prompt treatment of mite infestations, and careful bandaging slow progression. Breeding selection for reduced feathering and improved lymphatic function in affected breeds represents a long-term welfare improvement strategy. Affected horses require lifelong intensive management.

What You Can Do

Inspect the legs of heavy breed horses regularly by parting feathering to check for early swelling
Treat Chorioptes mite infestations promptly as they worsen CPL progression
Follow a regular management programme including leg washing, drying, and bandaging for affected horses
Support breed society initiatives to reduce CPL prevalence through selective breeding