Sheep Scrapie Eradication: National Breeding Programmes and Welfare

Scrapie is a fatal prion disease of sheep; national genotyping programmes are progressively reducing its prevalence.

Key Facts

Scrapie causes progressive neurodegeneration, behavioural change, intense pruritus, and death.
The UK National Scrapie Plan uses ARR/ARR genotype selection to breed scrapie-resistant flocks.
Classical scrapie has been dramatically reduced in UK flocks since the programme began in 2001.
Atypical (Nor98) scrapie remains at low prevalence and affects ARR/ARR genotype animals.
Surveillance relies on mandatory testing of fallen stock and abattoir samples.
Eradication supports both animal welfare and trade — scrapie-free status enables international exports.

Welfare Considerations

Scrapie causes prolonged suffering as affected animals develop itching, incoordination, and neurological decline over months before death. There is no treatment; euthanasia is the only welfare response when clinical signs are confirmed. Prevention through genotype selection is effective and humane. Flock owners should participate in the National Scrapie Plan and report suspected cases promptly to the Animal and Plant Health Agency.

What You Can Do

Participate in the National Scrapie Plan by genotyping rams and selecting ARR/ARR sires.
Report any sheep showing signs of pruritus, behavioural change, or incoordination to your vet.
Maintain flock records of genotypes for all breeding animals.
Support ongoing surveillance by using registered fallen stock collection services.