Dog Ear Mites: Identification, Treatment and Prevention

Ear mites are a common and highly contagious cause of ear irritation in dogs, particularly puppies. Prompt identification and treatment prevents secondary infections and chronic discomfort.

Key Facts

Ear mites (Otodectes cynotis) live on the surface of the ear canal, feeding on skin debris and wax
Characteristic dark, crumbly debris resembling coffee grounds in the ear canal indicates infestation
Affected dogs scratch intensely at ears and shake their heads, risking aural haematoma from trauma
Ear mites spread rapidly through direct contact between animals, particularly in multi-pet households
Puppies and kittens are most commonly affected, often contracting mites from their mothers
Treatment requires both ears to be treated simultaneously even if only one appears affected

Welfare Considerations

Ear mites cause persistent, intense irritation that dogs cannot relieve effectively. The constant scratching and head-shaking causes distress and can lead to secondary bacterial and yeast infections, aural haematomas, and permanent ear damage if untreated. Prompt treatment is straightforward and the welfare impact is significant, making this an important routine welfare concern for multi-pet households.

What You Can Do

Examine your dog's ears weekly — healthy ears should be pale pink and odour-free
Seek veterinary diagnosis for any ear discharge, odour, or persistent scratching
Treat all in-contact animals simultaneously to prevent reinfection
Use veterinary-prescribed ear mite treatments rather than over-the-counter preparations
Clean ears gently with veterinary ear cleaner as directed — avoid cotton buds in the ear canal
Schedule regular ear health checks as part of routine veterinary consultations