Amur tigers have very large natural home ranges and specific behavioural needs. Welfare in captivity depends on appropriate space, substrate and enrichment provision.
Amur tigers in inadequate captive conditions show stereotypic pacing that is a clear welfare indicator. Space quality with environmental complexity — varied substrate, climbing features, pools, scent-marking posts and visual barriers — matters more than raw area. Daily enrichment including scent enrichment, puzzle feeders, whole prey items and novel objects occupies cognitive and physical energy appropriately. Environmental temperatures must be managed — Amur tigers are adapted to cold climates and suffer in consistently warm conditions without access to cool water and shade. CCTV monitoring allows welfare oversight without constant keeper presence.