Horse Pigeon Fever Prevention and Care

Pigeon fever (Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infection) causes painful abscesses in horses, primarily in dry western regions. Prevention and proper treatment minimize welfare impacts.

Key Facts

Pigeon fever is caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis transmitted through soil, flies and environmental contamination
External abscesses on the chest, ventral abdomen and axilla are the most common presentation
Internal pigeon fever affecting organs carries a significantly higher mortality rate
Fly control and avoiding soil contamination of wounds are the primary prevention strategies
Most external abscesses resolve with veterinary drainage and appropriate aftercare without systemic antibiotics

Welfare Considerations

External pigeon fever abscesses are painful and cause lameness, reduced appetite and discomfort as they develop. The prolonged development period of 3-4 weeks before abscesses mature causes sustained welfare impact. Premature lancing before the abscess points can worsen outcomes. Internal pigeon fever causes severe systemic illness with a poor prognosis and requires aggressive treatment.

What You Can Do

Implement fly control programs in endemic regions including fly masks, repellents and manure management
Isolate affected horses as the bacteria can be environmentally persistent
Allow external abscesses to mature fully before drainage rather than lancing prematurely
Seek veterinary assessment for any horse with fever, weight loss or respiratory signs suggesting internal disease
Clean and disinfect shared equipment and bedding areas during and after pigeon fever outbreaks