Dogs

Dog Frostbite and Hypothermia Prevention

Cold weather causes frostbite and hypothermia in dogs exposed to freezing conditions. Prevention through appropriate management and recognition of warning signs protects dog welfare in winter.

Key Facts

Frostbite affects exposed extremities including ear tips, tail tip and paw pads in extreme cold
Small dogs, puppies, elderly dogs and short-coated breeds are most vulnerable to cold injury
Hypothermia develops when core temperature drops below 37 degrees Celsius causing lethargy and weakness
Paw ice balls cause significant discomfort and licking can cause cold burns in sensitive dogs
Dog coats and boots provide meaningful protection for cold-susceptible breeds in severe weather

Welfare Considerations

Cold-weather injuries cause preventable suffering in dogs exposed to extreme conditions without appropriate protection. Frostbite causes tissue death that is painful during rewarming. Hypothermia causes confusion and progressive deterioration. Owners of cold-susceptible dogs must recognize that their pets have limited cold tolerance and require active protection in winter weather including appropriate clothing and limited outdoor exposure in freezing conditions.

What You Can Do

Limit outdoor time in extreme cold for vulnerable dogs including puppies, elderly and short-coated breeds
Fit dog coats and boots for cold-susceptible breeds in freezing temperatures
Check paw pads for ice balls and salt irritation during and after winter walks
Recognise hypothermia signs including shivering, lethargy and stumbling and warm gradually with blankets
Seek emergency veterinary care for any dog showing severe hypothermia or suspected frostbite