Rabbits are widely used in biomedical research and toxicology testing. Application of the 3Rs principles significantly reduces the suffering of research rabbits.
Laboratory rabbits face welfare challenges from isolation, restraint, and painful or distressing procedures. They are prey species with strong stress responses to handling and unfamiliar environments. The 3Rs — Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement — provide a framework for systematically improving welfare while maintaining scientific validity. Implementation of refinements including social housing, environmental enrichment, and improved handling techniques is well-supported by evidence and should be the standard.