Companion Animal Grief: When Pets Lose Companions

Dogs and cats show behavioral responses to the death or loss of companion animals that warrant welfare attention and appropriate management during the bereavement period.

Key Facts

Studies show dogs experience physiological stress responses and behavioral changes following the death of a companion animal
A 2022 Italian study found 86% of dogs showed behavioral changes after losing a companion, including increased attention-seeking and reduced play
Cats show similar behavioral changes including increased vocalization, searching behavior, and altered eating patterns
The duration of grief responses in companion animals varies but typically reduces over weeks to months
Not all animals show observable grief responses, and absence of visible behavior change does not indicate lack of awareness
Introducing a new companion animal immediately after loss may increase stress rather than provide comfort

Welfare Considerations

The grief responses observed in companion animals following bereavement represent genuine welfare states deserving attention. An animal spending increased time at resting places of the deceased companion, calling, searching, or showing reduced appetite and play is experiencing a form of distress that we have an obligation to support. The welfare response should include additional human attention, maintenance of normal routines, and patience for the behavioral changes to resolve naturally. Rushing to acquire a new companion before grief has stabilized may add stress rather than comfort.

What You Can Do

Maintain consistent daily routines for grieving animals — predictability provides security during a stressful period
Provide extra human attention and affection for animals showing behavioral signs of bereavement
Allow grieving animals to sniff the body of a deceased companion if safe and appropriate — this may help them process the death
Wait until behavioral signs have stabilized before introducing a new companion animal
Consult your vet if grief-related behavioral changes persist beyond several months or significantly affect welfare
Recognize that your own grief may affect your animals — they are sensitive to owner emotional states