Companion Animals

Dog Cushing Syndrome: Long-term Management

Cushing syndrome (hyperadrenocorticism) in dogs causes chronic suffering from hormonal excess and requires lifelong treatment with careful monitoring for side effects.

Key Facts

Cushing syndrome results from excess cortisol production, most often due to a pituitary adenoma
Poodles, Dachshunds, and Yorkshire Terriers are among the most commonly affected breeds
Signs include pot-bellied appearance, hair loss, polyuria, polydipsia, and muscle weakness
Trilostane and mitotane are the main treatment options for pituitary-dependent disease
Adrenal-dependent disease may be treated surgically with adrenalectomy

Welfare Considerations

Untreated Cushing syndrome causes significant suffering through muscle weakness, skin fragility, susceptibility to infections, and impaired wound healing. The chronic nature of the condition means prolonged discomfort without treatment. Medical treatment dramatically improves welfare but carries risks of adrenal crisis from over-treatment. Regular monitoring with ACTH stimulation tests guides dose adjustments and prevents dangerous under- or over-treatment.

What You Can Do

Schedule regular monitoring tests as prescribed by your vet - do not skip rechecks
Know the signs of Addisonian crisis from over-treatment including weakness and collapse
Give medication exactly as prescribed without adjusting doses without veterinary guidance
Monitor for urinary tract infections which are common in Cushing dogs
Discuss adrenal tumour surgery with a specialist if an adrenal mass is identified