Companion Animals

Dog Canine Influenza: Prevention and Outbreak Control

Canine influenza is a highly contagious respiratory infection in dogs that has caused significant outbreaks in kennels and shelters.

Key Facts

Two strains circulate in the US: H3N8 and H3N2
Virtually all exposed dogs become infected due to lack of prior immunity
Most dogs have mild illness but some develop severe pneumonia
Outbreaks in shelters cause significant welfare disruption and mortality
Vaccination is available and recommended for dogs with high exposure risk

Welfare Considerations

Dogs with canine influenza experience fever, cough, nasal discharge, and in severe cases, life-threatening pneumonia. Shelter outbreaks cause widespread distress, require isolation protocols, and can overwhelm veterinary resources. Vaccination and biosecurity practices protect both individual dogs and dog communities.

What You Can Do

Vaccinate dogs at high risk including those in doggy daycare or boarding
Isolate dogs showing respiratory signs from other dogs
Notify your vet promptly if your dog develops respiratory symptoms
Avoid dog parks during known influenza outbreaks in your area
Support shelters with good biosecurity protocols and outbreak preparedness